SYNTACTICAL
ANALYSIS OF SENTENCE PATTERNS AND TRANSFORMATIVE ELEMENTS IN HADIS TEXTS
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to analyse and ascertain the forms of sentence
pattern as well as the transformative elements found in the sentences of hadis
texts. This research is a qualitative study using corpus analysis of
structure and sentence pattern of hadis texts in the Malaysian Religious High
School (STAM) text book of the Ministry
of Education of Malaysia entitled al-Ahadith al-Mukhtarah min Fath al-Mubdi bi Sharh Mukhtasar al-Zubaydi
written by cAbdullah
al-Sharqawi. In
this study, The Generative and Transformative Theories of Chomsky serve as the
theoretical framework for analysis. According to this theory, the generative
sentence is the prime framework for sentence construction. It is the minimal comprehensible
structure of a sentence. The structure of the sentence changes when
transformative elements are inserted into this generative sentence. In the
Arabic language, there are three common transformative elements, namely,
arrangement (al-tartib), interpolation (al-ziyadah) and omission (al-hadhf). The findings of the study conclude that each
change in a sentence is caused by a transformative element. These elements are
inserted for a specific purpose, whether for strengthening, explication of
importance, formation of a conditional sentence and such other purpose. Each
element interpolated and the layout position of
words in a sentence has its
individual function. The researcher also finds that the frequency of
interpolative elements in a sentence
exceeds the transformative elements.
Whilst from the aspect of sentence pattern, there are as many as twenty-four
basic and derivative types used in the sentences of the hadis text. The most
used pattern is the form of verb + verbal subject + object, that is used fifty-six times. This is followed by the
pattern form of verb + verbal subject, used twenty-three times and the pattern
form of subject + predicate, used twenty-three times. It can be seen from these
findings that most of the sentence patterns of the hadis texts are of the basic
and simple derivative patterns. This renders the sentences of the hadis texts
to be easily understood.
